Grammar | SPOCA | S, P, Od, Oi, Cs, Co, and A or (A).

GRAMMAR / SPOCA

Sentence Patterns

Label and bar them in terms of S, P, Od, Oi, Cs, Co, and A or (A).

 

The underlined items (which subordinate clauses) act as single element; for example, ‘when it rains’ should be labelled  ( A  ).

N.B. Bar and label only simple sentences (sentences with one single verb)

1. (He | often | goes | fishing) | 

       S  |  A      |  V     |  A         | 

and | catches | nothing) 

conj |     V      |   O    

             

 _She |recently|  bought | jewelry 

       S  |     A       |    V       |  O        |

 | and |sold | it.   It's WRONG       

    conj | V  |  O 

2. YOUR SENTENCE: DROP ‘recently’ OR USE THE PRESENT PERFECT FORM OF THE VERB FOR THE PAST TENSE EXPRESSES A TIME THAT HAS NO RELATION WITH THE PRESENT; BY CONTRAST, THE PRESENT PERFECT ALWAYS EXPRESSES THIS RELATION. FOR EXPMLE, THIS PAST-PRESENT RELATION CAN CLEARLY BE SEEN IF WE CONSIDER THE ADVERBS WE USE WITH THE PERFECT TENSE/ JUST (= RECENTLY), ALREADY, SO FAR, NEVER…. THESE ARE USED NOW THEY POINT TO A POINT IN TIME BEFORE NOW (= THE PAST)

2. ( My cousins |  work | in

 London

S           |     V     |    A  

 ; ( they | sell  | cars ) 

                        S   |  V  |  O            

 _ ( My aunt | lives | in Germany,

                S    |  V      |      A 

 she | teaches | English )

    S   |   V    |     O 

3. THE 1st SENTENCE IS A COMPOUND SENTENCE (ONE SENTENCE THAT CONSISTS OF TWO INDEPENDENT CLAUSES) BUT THE SENTENCE DOES NOT HAVE A COORDINATOR BY A SEMI-COLON (;) WHICH SHOULD BE POSITIONED BETWEEN THE TWO BRACKETS THUS: … London ) ; ( they… AND THE GENERAL SVOCA PATTERN SHOULD READ: SVA; SVO; 

- SO, A SEMI-COLON IS A COORDINATOR.

3. (She | sits | at the window) and

        S   | V    |      A          |      conj

 (watches | the traffic.) 

              V       |   O                      

_ He | works | at the bank | and |

    S   |    V    |      O               |  conj  |

 reads | books 

    |  V    |   O

CORRECT ANALYSIS (OF COURSE LACKING THE REQUIRED BARRING); YOUR SENTENCE SOUNDS STRANGE BECAUSE WHEN WORKING IN A BANK, YOU ANALYSE SPREADSHEETS AND DO STATS – ‘BANK’ AND ‘READS’ MAKE IT ILLOGICAL, BETTER: "… books at home".